Coexistence of Bronchopulmonary Adenocarcinoma and Tuberculous Lymphadenitis Diagnosed by CT-Guided Biopsy: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19053394Keywords:
Lung Cancer, Tuberculous Lymphadenitis, CT-guided Biopsy, Challenge Diagnosis, diagnostic challenge, non-small-cell lung cancer, cancerAbstract
Tuberculosis and lung cancer remain significant global public health challenges. While the association between latent tuberculosis and lung cancer is well documented, the coexistence of active tuberculosis and lung cancer remains uncommon.
We report a rare case of coexisting tuberculous lymphadenitis and left bronchopulmonary adenocarcinoma in a 71-year-old non-smoking woman. This coexistence, which is difficult to distinguish clinically and radiologically, was diagnosed following histopathological analysis of suspicious lesions obtained through CT-guided biopsy. In addition, this combination of pathologies may also be detected through analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, particularly in patients undergoing evaluation or treatment for lung cancer in regions with high or moderate tuberculosis prevalence.
When lymph node tuberculosis coexists with lung cancer, lymph nodes on the same side as the primary tumor must be carefully examined to avoid errors in TNM clinical classification that may affect treatment strategy.
Management of this coexistence requires a combination of anti-tuberculosis therapy and oncological treatment, including surgical resection, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy depending on the stage of the cancer.
Keywords: lung cancer; tuberculous lymphadenitis; CT-guided biopsy; diagnostic challenge; non-small-cell lung cancer
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Copyright (c) 2026 Aymar KASSA BOUKAT, Massine Mohammed El Hammoumi, Yassir Benameur, El Hassane Kabiri
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